GPS Chips for Cats/Dogs

Simple answer, yes.

There's a collar you can buy (with subscription I thnk):

Dog GPS Tracking | Tagg- The Pet Tracker

Additionally, I made a GPS-on-collar for my senior project with a raspberry pi and it was pretty easy.

Oh and btw that took 3 seconds typing "gps dog collar" into google.

There is also Home Again. Although it may not be exactly what you're looking for.

Pet Microchip for Dogs and Cats | HomeAgain Pet ID Recovery Service