Nah, you can PVP in Eve without risking anything. In fact, that's probably the huge majority of PVP in Eve. The game gets attention with the periodic ("10 trillion USD destroyed in spaceship battle") headlines... but most people hate grinding ISK and Eve and would rather fly cheap shit ships and find other people doing the same (faction warfare, red vs blue). Plus, for fleet warfare you need your guys flying the same style of ship so lowest common denominator applies. Regardless of if 5 of the crew want to roll out rich, there is no point unless everyone can afford it. With most of Eve PVP being efficiency based "who lost the most ISK", there is an incentive to fly cheap and practical and many to not.
The people who lose the most ISK on a routine basis are the mouth-breathing high-seccers who insist on blinging their mission-running ship to the gills. It's just a matter of time before they're in the wrong place at the wrong time and lose a 10-20bil behemoth that is only 10 percent better than a ship 10 percent of that cost.
When I read the last financial report from CCP, the message I interpreted was that 80 percent of their player-base rarely or never PVPs. No one writes articles about the tons of doods who love to mine or haul freight in high-sec, but that is the majority of their game. It's actually pretty fascinating that for peanuts (10 mil isk) I can pay to have my cargo shipped across high-sec with zero risk. These contracts takes 8-16 hours. Rarely do they take 24 hours. People literally log into eve and play as a truck driver.