I can help.
The game is in two major modules right now; Hangar Module and Arena Commander. Two more major modules are planned prior to release; FPS Module and Social Module. Squadron 42 is separate and as long as you have Alpha or Beta access you will get to play it at some stage prior to release.
Arena Commander, FPS and the Social Module all require a $5 pass unless your game package already includes access to it. Currently only Arena Commander exists so that's the only Pass you can actually buy or find in any package. The others will show up as those modules are released.
Alpha access means you don't need to buy a pass. It means you purchased a package early enough in development so you get into everything without further payment. The only packages I can currently find Alpha access on is priced $1,100 and above. They are $5 each so if that's your "thing" it's crazy to spend that kind of money just for that when you can buy the passes for a total of $15 all in. The only other way to get Alpha access cheaper is via the grey market but you are taking a risk.
Beta access means you have to buy a Pass to get into Arena Commander and the other Modules but you get access to the Hangar and Squadron 42 before game launch. Not sure how they will gate access to the Persistent Universe. My best understanding is that PU access will come from the Social Module Pass but we don't know for sure.
Buying a ship on its own will get you nothing in terms of access but you get a ship when the game launches but still no game so you will have to buy the game at retail price. I think they let you pledge for ships on their own to give you that freedom but to be honest they probably shouldn't unless you get a package first.
Anyway the best package to get you started is the Arena Commander Starter Package. Besides Beta and Arena Commander access you also get the Aurora MR which is currently the best ship to start upgrading from. I say this because you can upgrade to another starter ship from it for free or go back if you don't like that.
It's $45. Go here:
https://robertsspaceindustries.com/p...mander-Starter
There is a cheaper $30 Aurora ES package but it doesn't include the Arena Commander pass and you can't upgrade from the ES version of that ship to the base model of the other starter for free. I think it's worth skipping over it unless the $10 difference breaks the bank in which case why are you pledging in the first place.
To switch from the Aurora MR to the Mustang Alpha grab this and apply it in the Hangar on the website:
https://robertsspaceindustries.com/p...-Alpha-Upgrade
To switch back to the Aurora MR grab this and apply it in the Hangar on the website:
https://robertsspaceindustries.com/p...ora-MR-Upgrade
They are working on revamping the entire system so it makes sense but right now you need to know what you are doing before you start messing around with ship upgrades. The only good thing is if you screw it up CS will likely unscrew the pooch for you. CS is actually pretty good for this game but there are some things even they can't do.
If you have any questions just ask. I'll check back on this thread later.